Verrucae (pedal warts) that have resisted other forms of treatment may be surgically excised. This form of treatment has the highest success rate of all treatments (80%) but requires the use of a local anaesthetic. The main complications are scarring (10% risk) and recurrence (10% risk).
Other minor corns and skin tags may be removed during an out-patient appointment.
Nail surgery
The usual cause of an ingrown toenail is a sharp edge of nail that has not been cut properly. Tight shoes can aggravate the problem; so can cutting too far down the side of the nail.
I perform nail surgery using the phenol-alcohol technique popularised by American Podiatrists. This technique works well for most problematic ingrown toenails that have not responded to conservative care.
I also use incisional techniques. The Winograd procedure is a wedge resection that includes removal of side of the nail plate and the nail lip, and is indicated for ingrown toenail with an overlapping skin groove.